Screwworm in Texas: What You Need to Know

You've probably heard about screwworm in the news lately. With recent cases reported in Texas livestock, many people are wondering what it is and whether they should be concerned.

The good news is that human cases are rare. However, understanding what screwworm is and how to protect yourself can help prevent serious complications.

What is a screwworm?

Despite the name, a screwworm isn't actually a worm. It is the larval stage (maggot) of the New World Screwworm fly.

What makes screwworm different from other fly larvae is that it feeds on living tissue rather than dead tissue. Female flies are attracted to open wounds and body openings where they lay their eggs. When the eggs hatch, the larvae burrow into healthy tissue, causing painful wounds that can worsen quickly.

Screwworm most commonly affects livestock, wildlife, and pets, but it can occasionally affect people as well.

How do people get screwworm?

Human infections are uncommon, but they can occur when flies lay eggs in:

• Open cuts or wounds
• Surgical incisions
• Skin ulcers
• Insect bites
• The nose, ears, mouth, or other body openings

People with wounds that are not healing properly may be at greater risk.

What are the signs to watch for?

Contact a healthcare provider if you notice:

• A wound that is getting worse instead of better
• Increasing redness, swelling, or drainage
• A foul odor coming from a wound
• Pain that seems out of proportion to the injury
• A sensation of movement within a wound
• Visible larvae or maggots

Early treatment is important because screwworm larvae can cause significant tissue damage if left untreated.

How can you protect yourself?

The best protection is good wound care.

• Clean cuts and scrapes promptly.
• Keep wounds clean and covered.
• Change bandages regularly.
• Watch wounds closely for signs of infection.
• Use insect repellent when spending time outdoors.
• Seek medical attention for wounds that are not healing properly.

What about pets and livestock?

Screwworm is primarily a concern for animals. Pet owners and livestock owners should regularly check animals for wounds, especially during warmer months.

Contact a veterinarian if you notice:

• Wounds that are getting larger
• Unusual drainage or odor
• Maggots or larvae in a wound
• Signs of pain or irritation

Should Texans be worried?

At this time, human infections remain very rare. The recent Texas cases have primarily involved livestock. Still, the situation serves as a good reminder of the importance of proper wound care for both people and animals.

Knowing what to look for and seeking prompt treatment when something doesn't seem right can help prevent complications.

When to Seek Medical Care

If you have a wound that is worsening, not healing, showing signs of infection, or if you suspect a possible screwworm infestation, contact your healthcare provider promptly.

At Palo Pinto General Hospital, we're here to help. If you have questions about wound care or concerns about an infection, talk with your healthcare provider or seek medical attention.

Our family always caring for yours.